1. An Introduction to the World of Economics
1.1 The Ten Principles of Economics
1.2 Conclusion
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2. Demand, Supply, and the Market Equilibrium
2.1 What is a Market?
2.2 How Markets Determine How Much to Produce, and at What Price to Produce Goods
2.3 Equilibrium in the Market
2.4 Comparative Statics
2.5 Are Price Movements Always Unambiguous?
2.6 Conclusion
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3. Elasticity And Price Controls
3.1 Elasticity
3.2 Factors Affecting Elasticity
3.3 Perfectly Elastic and Inelastic Demand and Supply
3.4 Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand and Supply
3.5 Market Failures and Price Mechanisms
3.6 Market Implications of Elasticity
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Case Study
4. Consumer Behavior
4.1 The Budget Constraint
4.2 Consumer Preferences
4.3 Consumer Equilibrium
4.4 Concluding Remarks and Practical Applications
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5. Theory of the Firm—Production
5.1 The Theory of the Firm
5.2 The Production Function
5.3 Isoquants
5.4 Isoquants and Types of Inputs
5.5 Returns to Scale
5.6 Concluding Remarks
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6. Cost
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Types of Costs
6.3 Relation Between Marginal Cost and Average Cost: Zones Along the Cost Function
6.4 The Long-Run Cost Curve
6.5 Concluding Remarks
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7. Markets I—Perfect Competition
7.1 Characteristics of a Perfectly Competitive Market
7.2 Price Discovery for a Perfectly Competitive Market
7.3 Profit Maximization Principle
7.4 Shut-Down Condition
7.5 Exit Conditions for a Firm
7.6 Concluding Remarks
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Case Study
8. Markets II—Monopoly: The Good, Bad, and the Ugly
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Monopoly
8.3 How do Monopolies Price Their Products?
8.4 Monopoly Power
8.5 Social Cost of a Monopoly
8.6 Price Discrimination
8.7 Conclusion
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9. Markets III—Game Theory and Oligopolistic Markets
9.1 Game Theory and Oligopoly Markets
9.2 How Cooperation Works
9.3 Simultaneous Versus Sequential Games
9.4 Cheap Talk and Empty Threats
9.5 First-Mover Advantage
9.6 Conclusion
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10. Macroeconomics: It’s the Economy, Stupid
10.1 The Circular Economy
10.2 Injection and Leakages
10.3 National Income
10.4 Conclusion
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11. Aggregate Demand: The Building Blocks of an Economy
11.1 Introduction
11.2 The Keynesian Economy and the Role of the Aggregate Demand
11.3 Conclusion
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12. Fiscal and Monetary Policy: The Toolkit for the Economy
12.1 Fiscal Policy
12.2 Fiscal Policy and the Aggregate Demand Curve
12.3 Monetary Policy and the Role of the Central Bank
12.4 Policy Mix and Lag Effect
12.5 The Aggregate Supply Curve
12.6 Conclusion
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Glossary
Bibliography